Uterine cancer: Difference between revisions

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Uterine cancer, also known as uterine or endometrial adenocarcinoma or uterine neoplasia, is a serious risk for intact female rabbits. Uterine adenocarcinoma is a gland-like malignant type of tumor that arises from the secretory tissue that lines the inner cavity of the uterus. The tumors usually arise from the endometrial or inside layers of the uterus.

Reported incidence rates of uterine cancer in rabbits have ranged from 50%-80% in female rabbits over 4 years of age, especially in certain breeds.^[1] For this reason alone, rescues and veterinarians strongly recommend the spaying of female non-breeding rabbits.

Symptoms

Intact female rabbits over 3-4 years of age are most at risk.

Blood in urine.
Vaginal discharge stained with blood.
Cysts in the mammary glands and mammary growths.
Cloudy fluid that may come from the mammary glands.
Behavioral changes, including aggressiveness.
Lethargy, inability to eat, and pale mucous membranes.
Abdominal masses

Experiences

Below are some anecdotes about encounters with uterine and other reproductive cancers in rabbits - some operable, some not.

u/FurstRoyalty-Ties. (2024). Elderly female rabbit was euthanized for uterine cancer and a severe infection. (RIP)
Everybunny Counts Rabbit Rescue. (2024). Aspen's story (Graphic) (RIP)
Willys Wabbits. (2023). Zoe's story (Graphic)
Dr. Alisa Rassin. (2022). Elderly unspayed female rabbit was diagnosed with unoperable metastatic reproductive cancer. (RIP)
Lori Mills. (2022). A surrendered 10-year-old female rabbit that was euthanized due to multiple cancers all over her stomach area, likely from being unspayed. (Graphic) (RIP)
u/BronstigHertje. (2022). My bun died from cancer in my arms. (RIP)
u/the57thdoctor. (2022). I never posted Carmie on here before. However, recently she was diagnosed with uterine caner. She’s older at 8 & in my opinion deserves to be remembered. Such a behaved bun & unique character/ears. (RIP)
u/dubbledubblepls. (2022). Cadbury's story
Bunny Wonderland. (2021). Raichu's story
Toni Eisman. (2021). Onyx and Pyrites' stories
The Unusual Pet Vets. (2021). Lottie' story (Graphic)
Safe Haven Rabbit Rescue, Inc. (2020). Hope's story
The Bunny Burrow Rabbit Rescue. (2019). Midna's story
u/kingbun7. (2019). Sweetpea's story
‎Debbi Braunschweiger‎. (2019). Charlotte's story (RIP)
Bunny Bun Hub. (2019). Uterine cancer detection
Angie Bell. (2019). Pictures of uterine cancer (Graphic)
u/octopusbackpack. (2017). My bun-bun has uterine cancer. Advice?
Facebook. (2016). Sweetie's Journey, Stories about other rabbits that had/have uterine cancer
u/Minniebunny. (2014). Miss Celie will live to be an old bunny, thanks to the /r/rabbits community (more in comments).
NYDesi80. (2011). Uterine Cancer ... Worried and Need some Advice
Rachel Cama-Lekx. (2006). Eve's Story: The Consequences of Not Spaying
Miriam's Bunnies. (2000). Onyx's story

References

↑ British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Policy Statement on the Neutering of Rabbits

[bsava-1] British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Policy Statement on the Neutering of Rabbits

[1]

@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 == Experiences ==
-Below are some anecdotes about encounters with uterine cancer in rabbits.
+Below are some anecdotes about encounters with uterine and other reproductive cancers in rabbits - some operable, some not.
+* u/FurstRoyalty-Ties. (2024). [https://reddit.com/r/Rabbits/comments/1f980pa/today_we_had_to_say_goodbye_to_our_beloved_female/ Elderly female rabbit was euthanized for uterine cancer and a severe infection.] {{RIP}}
+* Everybunny Counts Rabbit Rescue. (2024). [https://www.facebook.com/EverybunnyCounts/posts/pfbid02H9HYAhcHfdqDXyeqSkPrqBgk2QKKbAYRWHAnb6wsFdkai5j4SdqYjX7PauWnW1Pjl Aspen's story] {{Graphic}} {{RIP}}
+* Willys Wabbits. (2023). [https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02eDyP1ZunA5pAKNcxFt6oizhpfiWLxqGmXBTc92cSFMV9GzvqUQeH1hhaVYEq1iQfl&id=100064660213050 Zoe's story] {{graphic}}
+* Dr. Alisa Rassin. (2022). [https://www.facebook.com/bunnyvetrassin/posts/pfbid026aZ4nifLp94satTYJDtJZY8bPqnjyeEwNdm8Xt1vpDCWrtXSsKEkKUTh6JMu8QJsl Elderly unspayed female rabbit was diagnosed with unoperable metastatic reproductive cancer.] {{RIP}}
+* Lori Mills. (2022). [https://www.facebook.com/princess.tribble/posts/pfbid0qwTXxwZyZYnpWpNzAZzQoCjsYUgpkoEnB5RN8uTYGnnWLRe7b6mMkyEQ5pDZnPNAl A surrendered 10-year-old female rabbit that was euthanized due to multiple cancers all over her stomach area, likely from being unspayed.] {{Graphic}} {{RIP}}
+* u/BronstigHertje. (2022). [https://reddit.com/r/Rabbits/comments/uimaz4/my_bun_died_from_cancer_in_my_arms_how_to_deal/ My bun died from cancer in my arms.] {{RIP}}
 * u/the57thdoctor. (2022). [https://reddit.com/r/Rabbits/comments/u1nyq2/i_never_posted_carmie_on_here_before_however/ I never posted Carmie on here before. However, recently she was diagnosed with uterine caner. She’s older at 8 & in my opinion deserves to be remembered. Such a behaved bun & unique character/ears.] {{RIP}}
 * u/dubbledubblepls. (2022). [https://reddit.com/r/Rabbits/comments/tjau00/keep_my_baby_cadbury_in_your_thoughts_shes_off_to/ Cadbury's story]
+* Bunny Wonderland. (2021). [https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=827701151169829 Raichu's story]
 * Toni Eisman. (2021). [https://www.facebook.com/groups/houserabbit/posts/10159713114853809/ Onyx and Pyrites' stories]
 * The Unusual Pet Vets. (2021). [https://www.facebook.com/TheUnusualPetVets/posts/6301029219937318 Lottie' story] {{graphic}}
@@ Line 24: / Line 32: @@
 * The Bunny Burrow Rabbit Rescue. (2019). [https://www.facebook.com/thebunnyburrow/photos/a.533195630098053/2348236181927313/ Midna's story]
 * u/kingbun7. (2019). [https://reddit.com/r/Rabbits/comments/dv1fbf/im_writing_this_post_to_remember_my_baby_sweetpea/ Sweetpea's story]
-* ‎Debbi Braunschweiger‎. (2019). [https://www.facebook.com/groups/houserabbit/permalink/10157436446083809/ Charlotte's story]
+* ‎Debbi Braunschweiger‎. (2019). [https://www.facebook.com/groups/houserabbit/permalink/10157436446083809/ Charlotte's story] {{RIP}}
 * Bunny Bun Hub. (2019). [https://www.facebook.com/bunnybunhub/posts/427690317924595 Uterine cancer detection]
 * Angie Bell. (2019). [https://www.facebook.com/angie.bell.391/posts/3199588630112869 Pictures of uterine cancer] {{graphic}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 44: @@
 == Further reading ==
 * PetMD. [http://www.petmd.com/rabbit/conditions/reproductive/c_rb_uterine_adenocarcinoma#.UHZcbsXA-So Uterine Adenocarcinoma in Rabbits]
-* Wildpro. [http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/00dis/Miscellaneous/UterineAdenocarcinomaRabbit.htm Endometrial Adenocarcinoma and other Uterine Neoplasia in Lagomorphs]
 * House Rabbit Society. [http://www.rabbit.org/care/bibliography.html Medical Bibliography]
 * Vetstream. [https://www.vetstream.com/treat/lapis/freeform/uterine-adenocarcinoma Uterine adenocarcinoma]
 * Dr Jay E. Hreiz. (2013). [http://msue.anr.msu.edu/uploads/219/38708/Uterine_Adenocarcinoma_in_Rabbits_Jan-Feb_20130001.pdf Uterine Adenocarcinoma in Rabbits]
-The following are scientific papers analyzing the statistics of cancer in intact female rabbits.
+The following are scientific papers analyzing the statistics of uterine disorders in intact female rabbits.
+* Johanna Mäkitaipale et al. (2022). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1557506322000015 Prospective survey of neoplastic and non-neoplastic uterine disorders in 116 domestic rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>)]
+* Berit Baum. (2021). [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/03009858211002190 Not Just Uterine Adenocarcinoma—Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Masses in Domestic Pet Rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>): A Review]
+* Frank Künzel et al. (2015). [https://meridian.allenpress.com/jaaha/article-abstract/51/1/8/183260/Uterine-Disorders-in-50-Pet-Rabbits Uterine Disorders in 50 Pet Rabbits]
+* B. Walter et al. (2010). [https://wabbitwiki.com/images/a/a9/Uterinedisordersin59rabbits.pdf Uterine disorders in 59 rabbits] {{PDF}}
+* Kumiko Saito et al. (2002). [https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jvms/64/6/64_6_495/_article/-char/ja/ Uterine Disorders Diagnosed by Ventrotomy in 47 Rabbits]
+* Th. A. M. Elsinghorsa et al. (1984). [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01652176.1984.9693937 Comparative pathology of endometrial carcinoma]
+* Theodore H. Ingalls et al. (1964). [http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/5/799.short Natural History of Adenocarcinoma of the Uterus in the Phipps Rabbit Colony]
+* E. Cotchin. (1964). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2071320/ Spontaneous Uterine Cancer in Animals]
 * Harry S. N. Greene. (1959). [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb44573.x/abstract Adenocarcinoma of the uterine fundus in the rabbit.]
-* Theodore H. Ingalls, William M. Adams, Max B. Lurie and Johannes Ipsen. (1964). [http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/5/799.short Natural History of Adenocarcinoma of the Uterus in the Phipps Rabbit Colony]
-* E. Cotchin, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2071320/ Spontaneous Uterine Cancer in Animals], 1964, pg. 216-218.
-* Th. A. M. Elsinghorsa, H. J. F. Timmermans & H. G. Ch. J. M. Hendriks, [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01652176.1984.9693937 Comparative pathology of endometrial carcinoma],  1984.
-* Hablolvarid, M.H., Golami, M.R., Moharami, M., [http://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/83520060308.pdf Uterine Adenocarcinoma in a Rabbit], 2006.
-* B. Walter, et al. (2010). [http://web.b.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=00424900&AN=48318411&h=JisfzAdW36w9L3Pg4OCMXIcgcZgp7b6WGUg%2fZ6OeSjMtxYz1PcVIDTgPUxpkFxGGsVxJvbKAOLX1W8D4djXlPg%3d%3d&crl=c Uterine disorders in 59 rabbits.]
-== See Also ==
+== See also ==
-* [[Spaying and Neutering]]
+* [[Pyometra]]
+* [[Spaying and neutering rabbits]]
 == References ==
@@ Line 56: / Line 67: @@
 [[Category:Health]]
+[[Category:Reproductive issues]]